• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    An exhaust manifold for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine is provided with preliminary oxidation reaction chambers, each of which receives exhaust gases from exhaust port liners each serving a pair of adjacent cylinders of different exhaust timing. These preliminary oxidation reaction chambers each communicate downstream with a main oxidation reaction chamber subdivided into a plurality of concentric subchambers. The subchambers enclose the preliminary oxidation reaction chambers and exhaust gas inlet pipes. Combustion of unburned hydrocarbons (HC) is principally accomplished in the preliminary oxidation reaction chambers, and the exhaust gases are maintained at relatively high temperature and retained for a sufficient period of time in the subchambers to accomplish oxidation of the unburned carbon monoxide (CO).
    公开号:SU884581A3
    申请号:SU762348551
    申请日:1976-04-23
    公开日:1981-11-23
    发明作者:Ямазаки Сюичи；Кадзитани Икуо
    申请人:Хонда Гикен Когио Кабусики Кайся；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to engine building, in particular to the design of exhaust devices of internal combustion engines. ..
    Known exhaust device for an internal combustion engine running on a lean fuel-air mixture containing reaction chambers of pre-oxidation with inlet and outlet channels, a main reaction chamber with first and second subchambers placed one inside the other, the cavities of which are communicated with each other through openings, moreover the main reaction chamber 15 encompasses the pre-oxidation chambers and is in communication with the intake manifold, and each pre-oxidation reaction chamber is in communication in through the inlet channel 20 issue nym window of at least one engine cylinder and intake port to the main reaction chamber [1].
    However, the known device has a high toxicity of exhaust gases.
    The purpose of the invention is to reduce exhaust toxicity.
    This goal is achieved by the fact that the main reaction chamber is equipped with a 3U additional sub-chamber connected to the cavity of the second sub-chamber by means of two openings located at an equal distance from the axis of the opening, communicating with each other the cavities of the first and second sub-chambers, and the outlet channels of the preliminary oxidation chambers are communicated with the first sub-chamber tangentially to create a spiral motion of the gas flow through all three sub-chambers, with each pre-oxidation sub-chamber in communication with the exhaust windows of two Engine Indra. ί
    All subcameras are fixed on the other side by means of protrusions on the wall of one subcamera placed in the grooves of the wall of another subcamera, and the protrusions of one chamber are spatially spaced relative to the protrusions of the other chamber.
    The volume of each pre-oxidation chamber is 0.05 0.40 of the working volume of the cylinder or the sum of the working volumes of the cylinders communicated with this chamber.
    In FIG. 1 shows a device, side view; in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 - fragment of the reaction chamber, enlarged; figure 4 3
    section Bb on the FIG. 3; in FIG. 5 - section Bb on the FIG. 3; in FIG. 6 - section Gg on the FIG. 3.
    Vakhloynoye device contains the main reaction chamber 1, surrounded by a layer of heat-insulating material 2 in the outer wall 3. The chamber 1 is divided into three chambers, concentrically arranged and having approximately oval cross-section, the inner walls 4, 5, 6: the centrally located first sub-chamber 7, surrounding it the second sub-camera 8 and the third sub-camera 9 surrounding the second sub-camera 9. The aforementioned first and second sub-cameras 7 and 8 are interconnected by means of an opening 10 centrally located at the upper front side with shanks 4, second 8 and third 9 subchambers communicate with each other by means of two holes 11 located at an 'equal distance from the axis of the hole 10, communicating the cavities of the first 7 and second' 8 subchambers with each other.
    The device also contains pre-oxidation reaction chambers 12. Each pre-oxidation chamber is communicated through an inlet channel 13 with exhaust ports 14, 15 of two adjacent cylinders 16, 17 of the engine, and an outlet channel 18 with a main reaction chamber 1, and the outlet channel 18 is in communication with the first sub-chamber 7 tangentially to create a spiral motion of the gas flow through all three sub-chambers. The pre-oxidation chamber is designed to burn HC hydrocarbon contained in the exhaust gas, which is an unburned component having a low ignition temperature, the volume of this chamber being 0.05 - 0.40 of the volume of cylinder 16 or the sum of the working volumes of cylinders 16, 17 communicated with The main reaction chamber 1 encompasses the pre-oxidation chambers 12 and communicates with the exhaust pipe 19. The wall 6 is expanded to form a heating compartment 20. The wall 4 of the sub-chamber 7 has a stupa 21, which is located in the groove 22 of the wall 5 of the sub-chamber 8. Similarly, the wall of the sub-chamber 8 has a protrusion 23, which is placed in the groove 24 of the wall 6 of the sub-chamber 9, and the protrusions 21 and 23 are spatially offset from one another so that the thermal energy of the exhaust gas is leaked, arising from the sub-chamber 8 into the wall. and then into the outer wall 3, arising due to the heat conduction along the protrusions, was minimal. With the help of the protrusions, the subcams are fixed one in the other.
    The device operates as follows.
    The exhaust gases come from the combustion chambers of the engine through the exhaust openings 13 of the pre-oxidation chamber 12. As a result of adjusting the ignition times of the engine, the exhaust gases from each pair of cylinders 16, 17 are sequentially delivered to each pre-oxidation chamber. Since the time interval between alternating gas exhausts is very small and since the channels 18 are not in contact with the cylinder head having a relatively low temperature, the chambers 12 are quickly heated by the exhaust gases, which leads to the activation temperature reaching shortly after the engine starts. When the chambers 12 are activated, unburned hydrocarbon components with a low flash point are burned in the exhaust gas and the temperature of the exhaust gas increases further, after which the gas enters the first subchamber 7 through the corresponding inlet ducts 18. Upon entering the first subchamber, the exhaust gases, as shown arrows, they enter a swirling motion along this subchamber, caused by the location and direction of the channels 18. Then, through the opening 10, the exhaust gas flows into the second subchamber 8, coming here in the same way vortex movement, and then through a third pair of holes 11c subkameru where again there is such a swirling motion. During this process, the exhaust gas passing through the hole 10 is not entrained in the gas passing through the holes 11, since these holes are located in different places on the wall of the subchamber.
    The swirling movement of the exhaust gas in the main reaction chamber increases the gas retention time in this chamber, without leading to a noticeable increase in the back pressure of the engine exhaust. In addition, since the exhaust gas heated during preliminary combustion in the chambers 13 directly enters the subchamber 7, the CO in the exhaust gas is oxidized to CO, and this occurs in the subchambers 7, 8, 9, regardless of the amount of CO contained in the exhaust gas .
    The eddy currents of the exhaust gas in the second and third sub-chambers not only play the role of effective high-temperature heat-insulating layers for the first and second sub-chambers, respectively, but also reduce the temperature difference between the sub-chambers so that the sub-chambers are always in high-temperature conditions, which contributes to the combustion of unburned components in these sub-chambers.
    Further, if the temperature of the pre-oxidation chambers is low, then when the exhaust gas participating in the vortex motion in the third sub-chamber comes into contact with the external parts of the pre-oxidation chambers and channels 18, the pre-oxidation chambers receive heat from the exhaust gases from both internal and external parties and therefore quickly activated. The exhaust gas stream heats the heating compartment 20, and the heat radiated by this compartment serves to heat the nozzle of the suction device and thereby contributes to the evaporation of the combustible mixture passing through it. Further, exhaust gases with a significantly reduced content of CO and HC, or without any of these components, through the exhaust pipe 19 enter the muffler (not shown) and then into the atmosphere.
    In this device, oxidative reactions that reduce the content of CO and HC in the exhaust gases occur in two stages. First, in the pre-oxidation chambers, with the efficient use of exhaust heat, the hydrocarbon contained in the exhaust gas is burned. Then, CO is burned in the main reaction chamber using the heat of combustion of the HC, thereby ensuring reliable burning of unburned components.
    Since the main reaction chamber is divided into several series-connected sub-chambers, and the suction device is heated by exhaust gas, and unburned components underwent an oxidation reaction ~ in the third sub-chamber, reliable and efficient evaporation and uniform distribution of the combustible mixture over the respective cylinders can be achieved without loss heat of oxidative reactions occurring with the participation of unburned components. This prevents interruptions in. engine operation caused by improper distribution of the combustible mixture.
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    section bb in fig. 3; in fig. 5 is a section through BB in FIG. 3; in fig. 6 is a cross section of the FIG. 3. Overlapping. The device contains the main reaction chamber 1, surrounded by a layer of heat-insulating material 2 in the outer wall 3. Chamber 1 is divided into three concentrically located and having an approximately oval cross-section, the inner walls 4, 5, 6 into three chambers: the centrally located first sub-chamber 7 surrounding its second sub-chamber 8 and the third sub-chamber 9 surrounding the second sub-chamber. The first and second sub-chambers 7 and 8 are communicated with each other by means of an aperture 10 centrally located in the upper part of the front side of the wall 4 The second 8 and third 9 submeters communicate with each other by means of two holes 11, located at an equal distance from the axis of; versti 10, communicating between the cavities of the first 7 and second 8 subcams. The device also contains pre-oxidation reaction chambers 12. Each pre-oxidation chamber communicates through inlet channel 13 with exhaust ports 14, 15 of two adjacent cylinders 16, and 17 of the engine, and exhaust channel 18 with the main reaction chamber 1, with exhaust channel 18 communicating with the first sub-chamber 7 tangentially to create a spiral movement of the flow of gases through all three sub-chambers. The pre-oxidation chamber is designed to burn hydrogen carbon HC contained in exhaust gases, which is a non-combustible component having a low ignition temperature, the volume of this chamber being 0.05-0.40 cylinder volume 16 or the sum of cylinder working volumes 16, 17 communicated with this chamber. The main reaction chamber 1 encompasses the pre-oxidation chambers 12 and communicates with the discharge conduit 19. The wall of the raapiren in order to form the heating compartment 20. The wall 4 of the sub-chamber 7 has A strap 21, which is located in the groove 22 of the wall 5 of the sub-chamber 8. Similarly, the wall 5 of the subcamera 8 has a protrusion 23 which is placed in the groove 24 of the wall 6 of the sub chamber 9, the projections 21 and 23 are spatially displaced relative to each other so that the heat energy leaks the exhaust gases flowing from the sub-chamber 8 into the wall 6. and further into the outer wall 3, resulting from heat conduction along the protrusions, was minimal. When using the protrusions of the protrusions, the subcameras are fixed one inside the other. The device works as follows. The exhaust gases come from the combustion chambers of the engine through the outlets 13 of the pre-oxidation chamber 12. As a result of adjusting the engine ignition timing, the exhaust gases from each pair of cylinders 16, 17 enter each pre-oxidation chamber in turn. Since the time between alternate exhaust gas emissions is very small and since the channels 18 are not in contact with the cylinder head having a relatively low temperature, the chambers 12 are quickly heated by the exhaust gases, which leads to the temperature of the activation, and soon after starting the engine. When chambers 12 are activated, unburned hydrocarbon components with a low ignition temperature burn out in the exhaust gas and the exhaust gas temperature additionally increases, after which the gas enters the first sub-chamber 7 through the respective inlet channels 18. After entering the first sub-chamber, the exhaust gases, as shown by arrows , it comes into a vortex motion along this sub-chamber, caused by the location and direction of the channels 18. Then, through the opening 10, the exhaust gas flows into the second sub-chamber 8, the arrival here again vortex motion, and then, through a pair of holes 11, into the third sub-chamber, where a similar vortex motion occurs again. During this process, the exhaust gas passing through the aperture 10 is not entrained in the gas passing through the apertures 11, since these apertures are located in different places of the wall of the sub-chamber. The swirling motion of the exhaust gas in the main reaction chamber increases the gas retention time in this chamber, without leading to a noticeable increase in engine exhaust back pressure. In addition, since the exhaust gas heated during preliminary combustion in chambers 13 directly enters subcamera 7, CO in the exhaust gas is oxidized to CO2, and this occurs in subchambers 7, 8, 9, regardless of the amount contained in the exhaust gas Soo The eddy currents of the exhaust gas in the second and third sub-chambers not only play the role of effective high-temperature insulating layers for the first and second sub-chambers, respectively, but also reduce the temperature difference between the sub-chambers so that the sub-chambers are always in high-temperature conditions, which contributes to the combustion of unburned components in these subcams. Further, if the temperature of the preoxidation chambers is small, then upon contact of the exhaust gas participating in the vortex motion, located in the third subchamber, with the external parts of the preoxidation chambers and channels 18, the preoxidation chambers receive heat from the exhaust gases with both internal and external on the outside and therefore quickly activated. The exhaust gas stream warms up the heating compartment 20, and the heat radiated by this compartment serves to heat the suction device nozzle and thereby promotes the evaporation of the combustible mixture passing through it. Further, the exhaust fume gases with a significantly reduced content of CO and HC, or completely without these components, through the exhaust pipe 19 enter the silencer (not shown) and then into the atmosphere. In this device, oxidative reactions that reduce the content of CO and HC in the exhaust gases occur in two stages. First, in the pre-oxidation chambers, with the efficient use of exhaust heat, the hydrocarbon contained in the exhaust gases is burned. CO is then burned in the main reaction chamber using the heat of combustion of the HC, thereby ensuring reliable combustion of the unburned components. Since the main reaction chamber is divided into several successively connected sub-chambers, and the suction device is heated by exhaust gas, and the unburned components / nantes have undergone oxidation reactions in the third sub-chamber, effective evaporation and uniform distribution of the combustible mixture in the respective cylinders can be achieved without loss of heat. lithium reactions occurring with the participation of unburned components. This prevents engine interruptions caused by improper distribution of the combustible mixture. Claim 1. Exhaust device for moving internal combustion bodies operating on a lean fuel-air mixture containing reaction chambers of pre-oxidation with inlet and exhaust channels, main reaction chamber with first and second sub-chambers placed one inside the other, the cavities of which are interconnected by means of an aperture, the main reaction chamber enclosing the pre-oxidation chambers and communicating with the exhaust line, and each reaction chamber oxidation is communicated through the inlet channel with the outlet window of at least one cylinder of the engine, and the outlet channel with the main reaction chamber, which differs from I in that, in order to reduce the toxicity of exhaust gases, the main reaction chamber is equipped with an additional sub-chamber communicated with the cavity of the second sub-chamber by means of two holes located at equal distance from the axis of the hole, jointly between the cavities of the first and second sub-chambers, and the outlet channels of the pre-oxidation chambers are connected to the first sub the camera is tangential to create a spiral movement of the flow of gases through all three sub-chambers,
    [2]
    2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that each pre-oxidation chamber is in communication with exhaust windows No. 1 and two engine cylinders.
    [3]
    3. The device according to PP.1 I2, which is the fact that the subcameras are fixed one into the other with the help of protrusions on the wall of one subcamera placed in the slots of the wall of the other subcamera.
    [4]
    4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the protrusions of one chamber are spatially separated from the protrusions of the other camera.
    [5]
    5. The device according to claims 1 and 2, which differs in that the volume of each pre-oxidation chamber is 0.05-0.40 working volume of a cylinder or the sum of working volumes of cylinders communicated with this chamber. I Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. Application of the Federal Republic of Germany 2448851, cl. F 01 N 3/10, pub. 04.24.75.
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
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    US3577727A|1968-10-07|1971-05-04|Ethyl Corp|Method of reducing internal combustion engine emissions|
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    FR2127074A5|1971-02-22|1972-10-13|Peugeot & Renault|
    JPS5216167B2|1971-10-01|1977-05-07|
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    JPS564731B2|1976-12-13|1981-01-31|
    FR2777320B1|1998-04-09|2000-09-22|Renault|EXHAUST MANIFOLD FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE|
    US8487018B2|2005-01-24|2013-07-16|Biotech Products, Llc|Heavy metal-free and anaerobically compostable vinyl halide compositions, articles and landfill biodegradation|
    US20100018193A1|2008-07-24|2010-01-28|Carr Edward|Vortex-enhanced exhaust manifold|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
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    JP5277775A|JPS5526291B2|1975-04-30|1975-04-30|
    JP5916375U|JPS549144Y2|1975-04-30|1975-04-30|
    JP1975059164U|JPS5526507Y2|1975-04-30|1975-04-30|
    JP5277875A|JPS5412566B2|1975-04-30|1975-04-30|
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